Open data › Menstrual cycle phases

The 4 phases of the menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle has four phases. Here is a citable reference of each phase, its typical day range in a 28-day cycle, the main hormones and what happens.

4 phases28-day referenceCC-BY 4.0 — free to reuse with creditUpdated 2026-07-10
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PhaseTypical daysMain hormonesWhat happens
Menstrual1–5Oestrogen & progesterone lowestThe uterine lining (endometrium) sheds — this is the period. Day 1 is the first day of bleeding.
Follicular1–13FSH then rising oestrogenThe pituitary releases FSH; follicles develop in the ovary and one matures, while oestrogen rebuilds the lining. Overlaps with the menstrual phase.
Ovulation~14LH surge, oestrogen peaksA surge of luteinising hormone (LH) releases the mature egg. The fertile window spans roughly the few days before and the day of ovulation.
Luteal15–28Progesterone risesThe empty follicle becomes the corpus luteum and secretes progesterone, thickening the lining. If no pregnancy occurs, hormones fall and the next period begins (PMS may appear).

General educational information based on a textbook 28-day cycle. Real cycles vary widely in length and timing between people and from month to month; day ranges here are averages, not predictions. This is not medical advice — for health concerns consult a qualified healthcare professional.

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How to cite this dataset

Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 — attribution (a link back to this page) is all that is required. Copy the citation below:

Lumi Apps (2026-07-10). The 4 phases of the menstrual cycle. CC BY 4.0. https://alice51849.github.io/ios-app-guide/data/menstrual-cycle-phases.html

Data licensed under CC BY 4.0. You may reuse it freely — please credit “Lumi Apps (https://alice51849.github.io/ios-app-guide)”. Machine-readable copy: menstrual-cycle-phases.json.