| ㄅ | Pinyin: b | IPA: [p] | Category: Initial | Example: 爸 (bà) - father |
| ㄆ | Pinyin: p | IPA: [pʰ] | Category: Initial | Example: 怕 (pà) - afraid |
| ㄇ | Pinyin: m | IPA: [m] | Category: Initial | Example: 媽 (mā) - mother |
| ㄈ | Pinyin: f | IPA: [f] | Category: Initial | Example: 飛 (fēi) - to fly |
| ㄉ | Pinyin: d | IPA: [t] | Category: Initial | Example: 大 (dà) - big |
| ㄊ | Pinyin: t | IPA: [tʰ] | Category: Initial | Example: 天 (tiān) - sky |
| ㄋ | Pinyin: n | IPA: [n] | Category: Initial | Example: 你 (nǐ) - you |
| ㄌ | Pinyin: l | IPA: [l] | Category: Initial | Example: 來 (lái) - to come |
| ㄍ | Pinyin: g | IPA: [k] | Category: Initial | Example: 狗 (gǒu) - dog |
| ㄎ | Pinyin: k | IPA: [kʰ] | Category: Initial | Example: 看 (kàn) - to look |
| ㄏ | Pinyin: h | IPA: [x] | Category: Initial | Example: 好 (hǎo) - good |
| ㄐ | Pinyin: j | IPA: [tɕ] | Category: Initial | Example: 家 (jiā) - home |
| ㄑ | Pinyin: q | IPA: [tɕʰ] | Category: Initial | Example: 去 (qù) - to go |
| ㄒ | Pinyin: x | IPA: [ɕ] | Category: Initial | Example: 小 (xiǎo) - small |
| ㄓ | Pinyin: zh | IPA: [ʈʂ] | Category: Initial | Example: 中 (zhōng) - middle |
| ㄔ | Pinyin: ch | IPA: [ʈʂʰ] | Category: Initial | Example: 吃 (chī) - to eat |
| ㄕ | Pinyin: sh | IPA: [ʂ] | Category: Initial | Example: 是 (shì) - to be |
| ㄖ | Pinyin: r | IPA: [ʐ] | Category: Initial | Example: 人 (rén) - person |
| ㄗ | Pinyin: z | IPA: [ts] | Category: Initial | Example: 早 (zǎo) - early |
| ㄘ | Pinyin: c | IPA: [tsʰ] | Category: Initial | Example: 菜 (cài) - vegetable |
| ㄙ | Pinyin: s | IPA: [s] | Category: Initial | Example: 三 (sān) - three |
| ㄧ | Pinyin: i / yi | IPA: [i] | Category: Medial | Example: 一 (yī) - one |
| ㄨ | Pinyin: u / wu | IPA: [u] | Category: Medial | Example: 五 (wǔ) - five |
| ㄩ | Pinyin: ü / yu | IPA: [y] | Category: Medial | Example: 魚 (yú) - fish |
| ㄚ | Pinyin: a | IPA: [a] | Category: Final | Example: 大 (dà) - big |
| ㄛ | Pinyin: o | IPA: [ɔ] | Category: Final | Example: 波 (bō) - wave |
| ㄜ | Pinyin: e | IPA: [ɤ] | Category: Final | Example: 喝 (hē) - to drink |
| ㄝ | Pinyin: ê | IPA: [ɛ] | Category: Final | Example: 誒 (ề) - hey (interjection) |
| ㄞ | Pinyin: ai | IPA: [ai] | Category: Final | Example: 愛 (ài) - love |
| ㄟ | Pinyin: ei | IPA: [ei] | Category: Final | Example: 給 (gěi) - to give |
| ㄠ | Pinyin: ao | IPA: [au] | Category: Final | Example: 好 (hǎo) - good |
| ㄡ | Pinyin: ou | IPA: [ou] | Category: Final | Example: 有 (yǒu) - to have |
| ㄢ | Pinyin: an | IPA: [an] | Category: Final | Example: 安 (ān) - peace |
| ㄣ | Pinyin: en | IPA: [ən] | Category: Final | Example: 恩 (ēn) - grace |
| ㄤ | Pinyin: ang | IPA: [aŋ] | Category: Final | Example: 忙 (máng) - busy |
| ㄥ | Pinyin: eng | IPA: [əŋ] | Category: Final | Example: 冷 (lěng) - cold |
| ㄦ | Pinyin: er | IPA: [ɚ] | Category: Final | Example: 二 (èr) - two |